2.17.7.2. System of heating of the fuel filter

In order that at a low external temperature fuel kept fluidity, it is warmed up. It is carried out by the strengthened supply of fuel which through TNVD merges in the fuel tank again. This fuel, when passing through TNVD is warmed up. In the pipeline of return of fuel there is an adjusting valve which, depending on filter temperature, takes away the warmed-up fuel. At temperatures below 0 °C from TNVD in the fuel filter warmer fuel is taken away.

If fuel temperature in the fuel filter rises to 10 °C, the adjusting valve will switch, and the fuel remains on the pipeline of return will move directly in the fuel tank. The adjusting valve is in the top part of the fuel filter.

If the engine is at too low temperature, and as a result of solidification of fuel is not started, then sometimes follows:

  – to remove the fuel filter and to warm up it in a water bathtub, before fuel fluidifying;
  – to remove the fuel filter and to replace new;
  – to roll or tow off the car in a garage and there to warm up;
  – to sprinkle system of injection by hot water.


Prevention

Not to warm up system of injection or a tank a blowtorch and to that similar devices at all. It is explosive!


Check of system of heating and candles of heat

Check of tension on heat candles


The diesel engine with a turbo-supercharging (ABL) has system of heat with self-regulating candles of heat of bystry start. Heating begins automatically after landing in the car and closing of a door of the driver provided that temperature of cooling liquid is below 60 °C.


Prevention

The faulty system of heating is the reason of bad start of the cold engine especially at temperatures of external air below 10 °C.


Check of giving of tension

Check conditions: the engine cold (temperature of surrounding space), the rechargeable battery is charged (higher than 11,5 In).

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. To connect tension indicator to the cable going to candles of heat and to the chassis(is).
2. To turn ignition keys on "Vorgluhen" – heating (ignition is included).
3. If tension of heat is absent, to check the fuse of candles of heat for damages (small cracks), reliability of fastening and contact.
4. If necessary to clean contacts, to tighten screws or to replace a safety lock. The fuse is in a motor compartment:
  – the 4-cylinder engine – on a forward wall, over the amplifier of brakes;
  – the 5-cylinder engine – on the left wing in a motor compartment.
5. To open a plastic cover the screw-driver for a safety lock. Safety lock current: the 4-cylinder engine – 50 A; the 5-cylinder engine – 80 A.

Check of consumption of current

Check of size of current on heat candles


For check of consumption of current on each candle of heat, at the plants use the ampermeter with a clip for a direct current. The clip takes the isolated cable and on induction current size is measured.

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. To connect a clip if is available, to the cable going to heat candles.
2. To include ignition, to warm up the engine, to start and allow to work on single turns.
3. During heating to measure consumption of current at the working engine. Time of heating of heat makes about 120 sec. (engine 1X, AAB) or about 180 sec. (ABL engine). Consumption of current each candle of heat makes about 10 And (engine 1X, AAV) or about 8 And (ABL engine).

Engine 1X:
  – the measured consumption of current makes about 40 And – heat candles in serviceability;
  – 30 A – 1 candle is faulty;
  – 20 A – 2 candles are faulty;
  – 10 A – 3 candles are faulty;
  – 0 A – all candles are faulty.

ABL engine:
  – the measured consumption of current makes about 32 And – heat candles in serviceability;
  – 24 A – 1 candle is faulty;
  – 16 A – 2 candles are faulty;
  – 8 A – 3 candles are faulty;
  – 0 A – all candles are faulty.

AAV engine:
  – the measured consumption of current makes about 50 And – heat candles in serviceability;
  – at 40 A – 1 candle is faulty;
  – 30 A – 2 candles are faulty;
  – 20 A – 3 candles are faulty;
  – 10 A – 4 candles are faulty;
  – 0 A – all candles are faulty.

Prevention

Values of current are given only at a tension of the rechargeable battery above 11,5 Century.



Definition of faulty candles

Check of work of candles of heat

The arrow specified a heat candle.

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. To unscrew a cable of giving of current and the electrotire.
2. To connect the LED indicator to positive () to a pole of the rechargeable battery and to put consistently to each candle of heat.
3. If the light-emitting diode blinks, the candle of heat is serviceable.
4. If the light-emitting diode does not blink, to replace a heat candle.
5. To screw a cable on the electrotire.

Prevention

If malfunction is not found, and the engine nevertheless is started badly, it is necessary to arrive as follows:

  – to unscrew all nozzles;
  – to take out heat insulators;
  – to include ignition and "Vorgluhen";
  – heating;
  – to observe through openings of nozzles what of candles are heated and what are not present.

If the heat candle also passes current, it does not speak about its perfect work yet. Even the candles of heat carrying current can be faulty.


HEAT CANDLES WITH THE BURNT HEAT CORES

Most often the burned cores of candles of heat are a consequence of faulty nozzles, but not candles of heat.

The burned heat candle core

If when troubleshooting similar candles are found, it is insufficiently simple to replace it. It is necessary to check nozzles for pressure of injection and tightness (industrially).

Types of candles of heat

The diesel engine with a turbo-supercharging (ABL) is equipped with new candles of heat of bystry start (2). They differ in conical shape of the end of a core (shooter). They can be applied as well in other diesel engines. But in turn usual candles of heat (1) in the diesel engine with a turbo-supercharging cannot be applied.

Removal

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. To cast away a radiator.
2. To unscrew an electrical wiring on heat candles.
3. To unscrew heat candles. Before removal of a candle of heat of the fifth cylinder to remove the injecting pipelines and a nozzle of the fifth cylinder.

The gleam sizes between a core of heat and a carving part

1. Normal size of a gleam of a ring (0,5 mm)

2. The reduced gleam size

Installation

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. To screw candles of heat and to tighten the moment 30 N · m.

Prevention

Not to exceed the inhaling moment! Otherwise the ring gleam between a core of heat and a carving part will decrease. Ring gleam size (cm. rice. The gleam sizes between a core of heat and a carving part) 0,5 mm usually make. The reduced size of a gleam conducts to a premature exit of a candle of heat out of operation.


2. To screw an electrical wiring. If acted, to establish a nozzle and the injecting cylinder pipeline 5.